The lyrics tell the story of the tragic 1913 Christmas Eve massacre at the Italian Hall in Calumet, Michigan, where copper miners and their families were enjoying a Christmas party but were locked in by management thugs who falsely shouted "fire", leading to a stampede that resulted in the death of seventy-three children.

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Meaning of "1913 Massacre" by Woody Guthrie


The lyrics of "1913 Massacre" by Woody Guthrie shed light on the darker side of industrialization and how the pursuit of profit often leads to the neglect and exploitation of workers. The copper miners, who already faced dangerous working conditions and meager pay, sought solace in a Christmas celebration only to be met with a tragic end caused by the callous actions of the copper bosses. The depiction of the children's deaths as a consequence of greed serves as a powerful condemnation of capitalism that prioritizes profit over human lives. Guthrie's poignant lyrics also highlight the resilience and sense of community among the miners, as they come together in the face of tragedy. The song ultimately serves as a poignant reminder of the consequences of unchecked corporate power and the importance of valuing human life over profit.